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With invisible fencing systems, especially those covering large areas, it’s extremely difficult for dogs to learn precisely where the boundaries are.  If they had, the shock collar would no longer be necessary. But the continued use of the collar suggests the dog hasn’t internalized the boundary. This creates a situation where they may be shocked at any times and in any location, an inflicted pain completely unpredictable from their perspective.

In the long run, going outside becomes a gamble—it might mean playtime, or it might mean pain. That unpredictability can cause significant anxiety and lead to a persistent state of stress. Because the shock cannot be reliably avoided, the dog remains unsure and on edge, unable to relax fully even in familiar spaces where the dog should decompress and feel safe.

Without a meaningful decompression safe space, and an unpredictable punishment, chronic stress can manifest itself in various ways. This ongoing state of emotional instability often surfaces through behavioural changes such as excessive barking, restlessness, or reactivity in unrelated settings. Chronic stress is harmful to any animal’s emotional and physical well-being.  Stress signals can be subtle and are often missed. Lip licking, yawning that occurs out of context, and changes in vocalization—like increased barking—may all indicate a dog is experiencing discomfort or anxiety.

There is no sound justification for the use of shock collars on dogs. A physical fenced area is the most reliable and humane option. If the fence is built for introducers, there should be clear marking for the dog to recognize the boundary visibly. 

Understanding these dynamics can support better choices for dogs’ emotional safety and long-term well-being. Creating a predictable, safe outdoor environment—free from pain and fear—allows dogs to thrive.